Joint Anatomy – How Arthritis Affects a Joint

Knee arthritis
Joint anatomy is the explanation of what a joint consists of and how it works.
A joint cosists of two…sometimes more…bones that slide over each other.
Parts of a joint
- Cartilage
- Synovial membrane
- Synovial fluid
- Ligaments
- Tendons
- Bursas
- Meniscus
Cartilage
Cartilage covers the bones to protect them when they need to slide over each other. Its’ a strong, wear resistant connective tissue that helps reduce the friction of the movement
Synovial membrane
This membrane lines the joint. It secretes a clear, sticky fluid that lubricates the joint
Synovial Fluid
This is the synovial fluid secreted by the membrane
Ligaments
They are like elastic bands that keep the parts of the joint together properly
Tendons
They are another type of connective tissue. You’ll find the tendons along each side of the joint. They are attached to the muscle which controls the movement of the joint.
Bursas
They are sacs filled with fluid. They are found between the ligaments, bones and other parts that are next to each other. They are an additional help in cushioning the friction in a joint.
Meniscus
A curved part of the cartilage. You will find that in the knee joint and some other joints.
All these parts work together like a precision tool. If the ligaments or tendons are damaged they will lose their toughness and might not be able to keep the other joint parts together and/or properly aligned.
If you break a joint it might not heal properly. Just a fragment of bone might heal without lining up properly. This will cause it to grate against another piece of bone. It will eventually cause the cartilage to wear thin, an inflammation will develop and this is the onset of arthritis.
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Filed under: Arthritis
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